Difference between revisions of "Children's subject headings"

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[[Category:Children's materials]]
{{external|[http://www.loc.gov/aba/publications/FreeLCSH/freelcsh.html#CSH LC Children's Subject Headings]}}
[[Category:Subject headings]]
For children's material, follow the [[subject and genre headings]] guidelines with these additions.
==Primary source==
The primary source for subject headings for children's material is the most recent edition of the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). The Annotated Card Program (AC) subject heading list for children's material, including a description of how those headings are used, is located at the beginning of the first LCSH volume.
 
All standard LCSH terms may also be used and coded as AC headings as long as the LCSH term does not conflict with an AC heading, so before using an LCSH heading as an AC heading, be sure to check it against the list of AC headings to verify whether or not the heading has been changed or simplified for children.
 
Please delete any Sears subject headings. They are normally coded as 655, second indicator 7, with <code>&Dagger;2 sears</code>.<ref name="catmin200804">[http://www.ccs.nsls.lib.il.us/ccs/minutes/cat/2008/catmin080402.pdf Cataloger's minutes, April 2008]</ref>
 
==Tagging==
Headings from the AC list, headings from LCSH used without the subheading Juvenile literature, and headings used with the subheading Fiction are tagged 650 with a second indicator of 1. (for children)
 
'''Examples:'''
{{example|text=
651 _1 Solar system.
650 _1 Friendship{{subfield|v}}Fiction.
}}
 
Headings from the main body of LCSH used with the subheading Juvenile literature and LCSH juvenile form headings are tagged 650 with a second indicator of 0.  (for adults)
 
'''Examples:'''
{{example|text=
651 _0 Solar system{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.
650 _0 Friendship{{subfield|v}}Juvenile fiction.
}}
 
Other 6XX headings are tagged in a similar manner.
 
==Policies==
CCS follows LC subject heading practice and construction.  Everything cataloged should have at least one subject heading, regardless of format.  Supply subject headings for both fiction and nonfiction.  When choosing subject headings, catalogers should think about how children will access the item being cataloged.  The following specific guidelines are provided with examples.
 
<ol>
<li>Assign both general and specific subject headings to the same work if both are useful access points.<br>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=
650 _0 Birds of prey{{subfield|z}}North America{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.
650 _1 Birds of prey.
650 _1 Predatory animals.
}}
</li>
 
<li>Use form headings whenever access by form is useful.<br>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=
655 _0 Riddles, Juvenile.
650 _0 Schools{{subfield|v}}Juvenile humor.
650 _1 Schools{{subfield|v}}Wit and humor.
655 _1 Jokes.
655 _1 Riddles.
}}
</li>
 
<li>Assign both popular and scientific terms when useful.<br>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=
650 _0 Canidae{{subfield|z}}North America{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.
650 _1 Canidae.
650 _1 Dogs.
}}
</li>
 
<li>Assign subject headings for readily identifiable topics as well as abstract concepts.<br>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=650 _1 Fear of the dark{{subfield|v}}Fiction.}}
</li>
 
<li>Retain duplicate LC and AC headings.<br>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=
650 _0 Medicine{{subfield|x}}History{{subfield|y}}17th century.
650 _1 Medicine{{subfield|x}}History{{subfield|y}}17th century.
}}
</li>
 
<li>Use the subdivision '''Juvenile fiction''' as well as '''Fiction''' when a heading is likely to also be used for adult materials.<br>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=
651 _0 California{{subfield|x}}History{{subfield|y}}1846-1850{{subfield|v}}Juvenile fiction.
651 _1 California{{subfield|x}}History{{subfield|y}}1846-1850{{subfield|v}}Fiction.
}}
</li>


<li>Use the subdivisions '''Juvenile films''', '''Juvenile sound recordings''', and '''Juvenile software''' under topical headings to distinguish between adult and juvenile materials.  These subheadings are not used with AC headings.  See Subject Cataloging Manual H 1690 for more information.<br>
See also [[Non-English Language Materials]] for resources in languages other than English.
'''Examples:'''
{{example|text=
650 _0 Rain and rainfall{{subfield|v}}Juvenile films.
650 _0 English language{{subfield|x}}Alphabet{{subfield|v}}Juvenile sound recordings.
650 _0 Learning by discovery{{subfield|v}}Juvenile software.
}}
</li>


<li>For juvenile belles lettres, assign juvenile form headings and subdivisions. Do not use the subdivision—Juvenile literature under any form or genre headings, whether adult or juvenile.  See Subject Cataloging Manual H 1690 for more information.<br>
==Subject headings==
'''Examples:'''
Any of the following are acceptable in the CCS database. For original cataloging, prefer at least LCSH.
{{example|text=
*LCSH only
655 _0 Children's poetry.
*LC Children’s Subject Headings only
655 _0 Fairy tales.
*LCSH + LC Children’s Subject Headings
655 _1 Fairy tales.
}}


<span style="color:red;">'''INCORRECT:'''</span>
{{example|indent=1|text=
{{example|text=
650 _0 Dogs{{subfield|v}}Juvenile fiction.
<span style="color:red;">655 _0  Fairy tales{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.
655 _0 Ghost stories{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.</span>
}}
</li>


<li>Restrict use of the subdivision '''United States''' and the qualifying term, '''American''', in AC headings.  Most materials ordered reflect an American orientation.<br>
650 _1 Dogs{{subfield|v}}Fiction.
'''Examples:'''
{{example|text=
650 _0 Dogs{{subfield|z}}United States{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.
650 _1 Dogs.
655 _0 Children's poetry, American.  
655 _1 Poetry.
}}
</li>


<li>Submit to the Authority Control librarian any additional cross references to lead patrons from terms that are not in the catalog to those that are.<br>
650 _0 Dogs{{subfield|v}}Juvenile fiction.
'''Example:'''
650 _1 Dogs{{subfield|v}}Fiction.
{{example|text=Genies see Jinn}}
</li>


<li>The heading ''Children's stories'' should '''only''' be used for collections of stories (tagged as 655) or items about children's stories (tagged as 650).<ref name="catmin200706">[http://www.ccs.nsls.lib.il.us/ccs/minutes/cat/2007/catmin070606.PDF Catalogers' minutes, June 2007]</ref>
650 _0 Swine{{subfield|v}}Juvenile fiction.
</li>
650 _1 Pigs{{subfield|v}}Fiction. }}


<li>''Pictorial works'' should '''not''' be used as a heading or subdivision for picture books; it is actually for non-fiction works that are mostly photographs.<ref name="catmin200706" />
Do not use LC Children’s Subject Headings in the form <code>[Language] language materials.</code>
</ol>
{{example|indent=1|text=
{{incorrect|INCORRECT:
650 _1 Spanish language materials.
655 _1 Spanish language materials. }} }}


Use the heading <code>Children's stories</code> only for collections of stories and works about children’s stories.
{{example|indent=1|text=
650 _0 Children’s stories, American.
(''a collection of stories'')


{{incorrect|INCORRECT:
650 _0 Children’s stories, American.}}(''a single work'') }}


==Helpful subject headings and subdivisions==
Use the subdivision <code>Pictorial works</code> only as applicable for nonfiction works, not for picture books.
{{example|indent=1|text=
650 _0 Dogs{{subfield|v}}Juvenile fiction.
655 _7 Picture books.{{subfield|2}}lcgft


{{example|text=
{{incorrect|INCORRECT:
650 _0 ''[topic]''{{subfield|v}}Sound recordings for foreign speakers.
650 _0 Dogs{{subfield|v}}Fiction{{subfield|v}}Pictorial works. }} }}
650 _0 ''[topic]''{{subfield|v}}Sound recordings for Chinese speakers.


655 _0 Toy and movable books. ''(For manipulative books, movable books not covered by the following three headings.)''
Use the subdivision <code>Specimens</code> only for realia
{{example|indent=1|text=
650 _0 Telescopes{{subfield|v}}Specimens.
655 _7 Toy and movable books.{{subfield|2}}lcgft


655 _0 Pop-up books.
{{incorrect|INCORRECT:
650 _0 Toy and movable books{{subfield|v}}Specimens.<br />655 _7 Toy and movable books{{subfield|v}}Specimens. }} }}


655 _0 Lift-the-flap books.
==Genre headings==
Use a 655 field for genre/form headings. If a genre/form heading is valid as an LC Children’s Subject Heading in a 650 field, use an equivalent [[Genre/form headings|LCGFT]] or [[local genre headings|local genre heading]] instead, in a 655 field.


{{example|indent=1|text=
655 _7 Fantasy fiction.{{subfield|2}}lcgft
655 _0 Board books.
655 _0 Board books.


655 _0 Oversize books. ''(For books too large to be shelved in normal shelf sequence.)''
{{incorrect|INCORRECT:
650 _1 Fantasy.<br />650 _1 Board books. }} }}


Common genre/form headings for children’s materials:
{{example|indent=1|text=
655 _0 Big books. ''(For enlarged, poster-size books designed to be read aloud in a group setting.)''
655 _0 Big books. ''(For enlarged, poster-size books designed to be read aloud in a group setting.)''
 
655 _0 Board books.
655 _0 Miniature books. ''(For books 10 cm. or less in both height and width.)''
655 _7 Lift-the-flap books.{{subfield|2}}lcgft
 
655 _0 Miniature books. ''(For books 10 cm or less in both height and width.)''
655 _0 Picture books for children.<ref name="scrapmin200705">[http://www.ccs.nsls.lib.il.us/ccs/minutes/scrap/2007/2007-05.PDF SCRAP minutes, May 2007]</ref>
655 _7 Picture books.{{subfield|2}}lcgft
}}
655 _7 Pop-up books.{{subfield|2}}lcgft
 
655 _7 Toy and movable books.{{subfield|2}}lcgft ''(For manipulative books not covered by a more specific heading.)'' }}
These headings should be used to distinguish adult and juvenile books on cassette, books on CD, or online audiobooks:
[[Category:Children's materials]]
 
[[Category:Subject headings]]
{{example|text=
[[Category:Non-English language materials]]
655 _0 Audiobooks.
[[Category:Local practices]]
655 _0 Children's audiobooks.
[[Category:Rules reminders]]
}}
 
Examples of headings for films and video recordings:
 
{{example|text=
655 _0 Children's films. ''(For individual fiction films)''
650 _0 ''[Topical heading]''{{subfield|v}}Juvenile films. ''(Under subjects)''
}}
 
These example headings are recommended for foreign language materials:
 
{{example|text=
650 _1 Spanish language{{subfield|v}}Readers. ''(For instruction and practice in reading that language)''
650 _1 French language materials. ''(For general information or recreational reading)''
650 _1 Russian language materials{{subfield|x}}Bilingual. ''(For materials written in two languages)''
}}
 
==References==
<references />

Latest revision as of 17:12, 11 November 2022

For children's material, follow the subject and genre headings guidelines with these additions.

See also Non-English Language Materials for resources in languages other than English.

Subject headings

Any of the following are acceptable in the CCS database. For original cataloging, prefer at least LCSH.

  • LCSH only
  • LC Children’s Subject Headings only
  • LCSH + LC Children’s Subject Headings
650 _0 Dogs‡vJuvenile fiction.

650 _1 Dogs‡vFiction.

650 _0 Dogs‡vJuvenile fiction.
650 _1 Dogs‡vFiction.

650 _0 Swine‡vJuvenile fiction.
650 _1 Pigs‡vFiction.

Do not use LC Children’s Subject Headings in the form [Language] language materials. 

INCORRECT:
650 _1 Spanish language materials.
655 _1 Spanish language materials.

Use the heading Children's stories only for collections of stories and works about children’s stories. 

650 _0 Children’s stories, American. 
(a collection of stories)


INCORRECT:
650 _0 Children’s stories, American.
(a single work)

Use the subdivision Pictorial works only as applicable for nonfiction works, not for picture books. 

650 _0 Dogs‡vJuvenile fiction.
655 _7 Picture books.‡2lcgft


INCORRECT:
650 _0 Dogs‡vFiction‡vPictorial works.

Use the subdivision Specimens only for realia 

650 _0 Telescopes‡vSpecimens. 
655 _7 Toy and movable books.‡2lcgft


INCORRECT:
650 _0 Toy and movable books‡vSpecimens.
655 _7 Toy and movable books‡vSpecimens.

Genre headings

Use a 655 field for genre/form headings. If a genre/form heading is valid as an LC Children’s Subject Heading in a 650 field, use an equivalent LCGFT or local genre heading instead, in a 655 field. 

655 _7 Fantasy fiction.‡2lcgft
655 _0 Board books.


INCORRECT:
650 _1 Fantasy.
650 _1 Board books.

Common genre/form headings for children’s materials: 

655 _0 Big books. (For enlarged, poster-size books designed to be read aloud in a group setting.)
655 _0 Board books.
655 _7 Lift-the-flap books.‡2lcgft
655 _0 Miniature books. (For books 10 cm or less in both height and width.)
655 _7 Picture books.‡2lcgft 
655 _7 Pop-up books.‡2lcgft
655 _7 Toy and movable books.‡2lcgft (For manipulative books not covered by a more specific heading.)
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