Difference between revisions of "Children's subject headings"

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{{review}}
{{review|date=August 3, 2016}}
[[Category:Children's materials]]
[[Category:Children's materials]]
[[Category:Subject headings]]
[[Category:Subject headings]]
[[Category:Foreign language materials]]
[[Category:Foreign language materials]]
==Primary source==
CCS follows LC subject heading practice and construction. For children's material, that may include use of [http://www.loc.gov/aba/publications/FreeLCSH/freelcsh.html#CSH LC children's subject headings].
The primary source for subject headings for children's material is the most recent edition of the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). <!--The Annotated Card Program (AC) subject heading list for children's material, including a description of how those headings are used, is located <s>at the beginning of the first LCSH volume</s> in the introduction to LCSH, in Catalogers Desktop or in the first volume of a printed set. -->


All standard LCSH terms may also be used and coded as children's subject headings (second indicator 1 instead of 0) as long as the LCSH term does not conflict with an LC children's heading, so before using an LCSH heading as a children's heading, be sure to check it against the authority file to verify whether or not the heading has been changed or simplified for children.
In general, follow the [[Subject and genre headings]] guidelines.


Please delete any Sears subject headings. They are normally coded as 655, second indicator 7, with <code>&Dagger;2 sears</code>.<ref name="catmin200804">[http://www.ccs.nsls.lib.il.us/ccs/minutes/cat/2008/catmin080402.pdf Cataloger's minutes, April 2008]</ref>
When choosing subject headings for children's material, catalogers should think about how children will access the item being cataloged.
 
==Tagging==
Headings from the children's subject headings list, headings from LCSH used without the subheading Juvenile literature, and headings used with the subheading Fiction are tagged 650 with a second indicator of 1. (for children)
 
'''Examples:'''
{{example|text=
651 _1 Solar system.
650 _1 Friendship{{subfield|v}}Fiction.
}}
 
Headings from the main body of LCSH used with the subheading Juvenile literature and LCSH juvenile form headings are tagged 650 with a second indicator of 0.  (for adults)
 
'''Examples:'''
{{example|text=
651 _0 Solar system{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.
650 _0 Friendship{{subfield|v}}Juvenile fiction.
}}
 
Other 6XX headings are tagged in a similar manner.
 
==Policies==
CCS follows LC subject heading practice and construction.  Everything cataloged should have at least one subject heading, regardless of format.  Supply subject headings for both fiction and nonfiction.  When choosing subject headings, catalogers should think about how children will access the item being cataloged.  The following specific guidelines are provided with examples.


==Further help==
<ol>
<ol>
<li>Assign both general and specific subject headings to the same work if both are useful access points.<br>
<li>You may retain duplicate LC and LC children's headings, or you may delete one.<br>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=
650 _0 Birds of prey{{subfield|z}}North America{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.
650 _1 Birds of prey.
650 _1 Predatory animals.
}}
</li>
</li>


<li>Assign form headings whenever access by form is useful. In addition to any valid LCSH headings (tagged 650), assign all applicable LCGFT and local genre/form headings (tagged 655).<br>
<li>Delete any Sears subject headings. They are normally coded as 650, second indicator 8, or as 650, second indicator 7, with <code>&Dagger;2 sears</code>.<ref name="catmin200804">[http://www.ccs.nsls.lib.il.us/ccs/minutes/cat/2008/catmin080402.pdf Cataloger's minutes, April 2008]</ref></li>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=
650 _0 Schools{{subfield|v}}Juvenile humor.
650 _1 Schools{{subfield|v}}Humor.
655 _7 Humor.{{subfield|2}}lcgft


650 _0 Riddles, Juvenile.
<li>When an LC children's subject heading differs from the corresponding LC subject heading, you may include both headings.</li>
650 _1 Riddles.
655 _7 Riddles.{{subfield|2}}lcgft
}}
</li>


<li>Assign both popular and scientific terms when useful.<br>
<li>The heading ''Children's stories'' should '''only''' be used for collections of stories or works about children's stories.<ref name="catmin200706">[http://www.ccs.nsls.lib.il.us/ccs/minutes/cat/2007/catmin070606.PDF Catalogers' minutes, June 2007]</ref>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=
650 _0 Canidae{{subfield|z}}North America{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.
650 _1 Canidae.
650 _1 Dogs.
}}
</li>
</li>


<li>Assign subject headings for readily identifiable topics as well as abstract concepts.<br>
<li>''Pictorial works'' should '''not''' be used as a heading or subdivision for picture books; it is actually for non-fiction works that are mostly photographs.<ref name="catmin200706" />
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=650 _1 Fear of the dark{{subfield|v}}Fiction.}}
</li>


<li>Retain duplicate LC and LC children's headings.<br>
<li>The subdivision ''Specimens'' should be used only for realia.<br>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=
650 _0 Medicine{{subfield|x}}History{{subfield|y}}17th century.
650 _1 Medicine{{subfield|x}}History{{subfield|y}}17th century.
}}
</li>
 
<li>Use the subdivision '''Juvenile fiction''' as well as '''Fiction''' when a heading is likely to also be used for adult materials.<br>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=
651 _0 California{{subfield|x}}History{{subfield|y}}1846-1850{{subfield|v}}Juvenile fiction.
651 _1 California{{subfield|x}}History{{subfield|y}}1846-1850{{subfield|v}}Fiction.
}}
</li>
 
<li>Use the subdivisions '''Juvenile films''', '''Juvenile sound recordings''', and '''Juvenile software''' under topical headings to distinguish between adult and juvenile materials.  These subdivisions are not used with children's subject headings.  See Subject Cataloging Manual H 1690 for more information.<br>
'''Examples:'''
'''Examples:'''
{{example|text=
{{example|text=
650 _0 Rain and rainfall{{subfield|v}}Juvenile films.
650 _0 Telescopes{{subfield|v}}Specimens.
650 _0 English language{{subfield|x}}Alphabet{{subfield|v}}Juvenile sound recordings.
650 _0 Learning by discovery{{subfield|v}}Juvenile software.
}}
}}
</li>


<li>For juvenile belles lettres, assign juvenile form headings and subdivisions.  Do not use the subdivision—Juvenile literature under any form or genre headings, whether adult or juvenile.  See Subject Cataloging Manual H 1690 for more information.<br>
'''Examples:'''
{{example|text=
650 _0 Children's poetry. ''(A collection)''
650 _0 Fairy tales, Russian. ''(A collection)''
650 _0 Ghost stories, Canadian. ''(A collection)''
}}
<span style="color:red;">'''INCORRECT:'''</span>
{{example|text=
<span style="color:red;">650 _0 Children's poetry{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.
650 _0 Fairy tales{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.
650 _0 Ghost stories{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.</span>
}}
</li>
<li>Restrict use of the subdivision '''United States''' and the qualifying term, '''American''', in children's headings.  Most materials ordered reflect an American orientation.<br>
'''Examples:'''
{{example|text=
650 _0 Dogs{{subfield|z}}United States{{subfield|v}}Juvenile literature.
650 _1 Dogs.
650 _0 Children's poetry, American. ''(A collection)''
650 _1 Poetry.
}}
</li>
<li>Submit to the Authority Control librarian any additional cross references to lead patrons from terms that are not in the catalog to those that are.<br>
'''Example:'''
{{example|text=Genies see Jinn}}
</li>
<li>The heading ''Children's stories'' should '''only''' be used for collections of stories or works about children's stories.<ref name="catmin200706">[http://www.ccs.nsls.lib.il.us/ccs/minutes/cat/2007/catmin070606.PDF Catalogers' minutes, June 2007]</ref>
</li>
<li>''Pictorial works'' should '''not''' be used as a heading or subdivision for picture books; it is actually for non-fiction works that are mostly photographs.<ref name="catmin200706" />
<li>The subdivision ''Specimens'' should be used only for realia.<br>
'''Examples:'''
{{example|text=
{{example|text=
655 _7 Toy and movable books.{{subfield|2}}lcgft
655 _7 Toy and movable books.{{subfield|2}}lcgft
655 _0 Board books.
655 _0 Board books.
}}


<span style="color:red;">'''INCORRECT:'''</span>
<span style="color:red;">'''INCORRECT:'''</span>
{{example|text=
<span style="color:red;">650 _0 Toy and movable books{{subfield|v}}Specimens.
<span style="color:red;">650 _0 Toy and movable books{{subfield|v}}Specimens.
650 _0 Board books{{subfield|v}}Specimens.
650 _0 Board books{{subfield|v}}Specimens.
655 _0 Toy and movable books{{subfield|v}}Specimens.</span>
655 _0 Toy and movable books{{subfield|v}}Specimens.</span>
}}
}}
<li>Follow the local guidelines for [[Subject headings for foreign language materials]].</li>
</ol>
</ol>


==Genre headings==
If any form/genre headings are tagged in field 650, change the field number to 655.


In general, avoid using LC children's subject headings as genre headings; prefer using the equivalent [[LCGFT hierarchical list|LCGFT]] or [[Local genre headings|local genre heading]].


==Helpful subject & genre headings and subdivisions==
===Helpful subject & genre headings and subdivisions===
These are some genre headings common to children's material that are especially useful to public service librarians.


{{example|text=
{{example|text=
650 _0 ''[topic]''{{subfield|v}}Sound recordings for foreign speakers.
650 _0 ''[topic]''{{subfield|v}}Sound recordings for Chinese speakers.
655 _7 Toy and movable books.{{subfield|2}}lcgft ''(For manipulative books not covered by a more specific heading.)''
655 _7 Toy and movable books.{{subfield|2}}lcgft ''(For manipulative books not covered by a more specific heading.)''


Line 166: Line 64:


655 _0 Picture books for children.<ref name="scrapmin200705">[http://www.ccs.nsls.lib.il.us/ccs/minutes/scrap/2007/2007-05.PDF SCRAP minutes, May 2007]</ref>
655 _0 Picture books for children.<ref name="scrapmin200705">[http://www.ccs.nsls.lib.il.us/ccs/minutes/scrap/2007/2007-05.PDF SCRAP minutes, May 2007]</ref>
}}
These headings should be used to distinguish adult and juvenile books on cassette, books on CD, or online audiobooks:
{{example|text=
655 _7 Audiobooks.{{subfield|2}}lcgft
655 _7 Children's audiobooks.{{subfield|2}}lcgft
}}
Examples of headings for video recordings:
{{example|text=
655 _7 Children's films.{{subfield|2}}lcgft ''(For fiction and non-fiction films)''
650 _0 ''[Topical heading]''{{subfield|v}}Juvenile films. ''(For fiction and non-fiction films)''
}}
These example headings are recommended for [[Subject headings for foreign language materials|foreign language materials]]:
{{example|text=
650 _1 French language{{subfield|v}}Readers. ''(For instruction and practice in reading that language)''
655 _7 Bilingual books.{{subfield|2}}local ''(For materials written in two or more languages)''
}}
}}


Revision as of 16:36, 3 August 2016

As of August 3, 2016, the rules on this page have been approved in concept by the SCRAP committee, but the exact wording is still being adjusted.
Please use these rules. Please send any feedback to SCRAP.

CCS follows LC subject heading practice and construction. For children's material, that may include use of LC children's subject headings.

In general, follow the Subject and genre headings guidelines.

When choosing subject headings for children's material, catalogers should think about how children will access the item being cataloged.

Further help

  1. You may retain duplicate LC and LC children's headings, or you may delete one.
  2. Delete any Sears subject headings. They are normally coded as 650, second indicator 8, or as 650, second indicator 7, with ‡2 sears.[1]
  3. When an LC children's subject heading differs from the corresponding LC subject heading, you may include both headings.
  4. The heading Children's stories should only be used for collections of stories or works about children's stories.[2]
  5. Pictorial works should not be used as a heading or subdivision for picture books; it is actually for non-fiction works that are mostly photographs.[2]
  6. The subdivision Specimens should be used only for realia.
    Examples: 
    650 _0 Telescopes‡vSpecimens.
    655 _7 Toy and movable books.‡2lcgft
655 _0 Board books.

INCORRECT:
650 _0 Toy and movable books‡vSpecimens.
650 _0 Board books‡vSpecimens.
655 _0 Toy and movable books‡vSpecimens.
  7. Follow the local guidelines for Subject headings for foreign language materials.

Genre headings

If any form/genre headings are tagged in field 650, change the field number to 655.

In general, avoid using LC children's subject headings as genre headings; prefer using the equivalent LCGFT or local genre heading.

Helpful subject & genre headings and subdivisions

These are some genre headings common to children's material that are especially useful to public service librarians. 

655 _7 Toy and movable books.‡2lcgft (For manipulative books not covered by a more specific heading.)

655 _7 Pop-up books.‡2lcgft

655 _7 Lift-the-flap books.‡2lcgft

655 _0 Board books.

655 _0 Big books. (For enlarged, poster-size books designed to be read aloud in a group setting.)

655 _0 Miniature books. (For books 10 cm or less in both height and width.)

655 _0 Picture books for children.[3]
DO NOT FOLLOW THIS RULE.
This rule has been abolished or is obsolete, but is kept in the manual for historical purposes.

655 _7 French language materials.‡2local (For general information or recreational reading)


References

  1. ↑ Cataloger's minutes, April 2008
  2. ↑ a b Catalogers' minutes, June 2007
  3. ↑ SCRAP minutes, May 2007
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